ATTENTION:  PLEASE READ THESE TERMS OF USE CAREFULLY BEFORE VISITING OR USING THIS WEB SITE.  YOUR USE OF MATERIALS AND ACCESS TO THIS WEB SITE IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS OF USE.  BY ACCESSING THIS WEB SITE, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THESE TERMS AS IF YOU HAD SIGNED YOUR NAME ON A CONTRACT.  IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, PLEASE DO NOT VISIT OR USE THIS WEB SITE.  

This web site is for general informational purposes only and is not legal or medical advice. The content (for purposes of these terms, “content” shall mean all items, information, text, graphics, images, links, goods, services, and any and all other materials) on this website is provided to permit you to learn more about the services this web site offers to clients.  The content on this web site does not necessarily reflect the opinion of this web site or of its attorneys or clients.  The content on this web site is general in nature and may not apply to particular legal, medical or factual circumstances.  The content of this web site is not intended to be a substitute for professional legal or medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.  You should not act on the content on this web site without seeking professional legal and medical advice.  Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions about your medical condition.  You should never disregard any professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read on this web site.

There are no warranties, representations, or promises made based on the content on this web site, including the dollar figures or results obtained in other cases.  Results obtained in past cases do not predict the results in future cases.  Each person's legal and medical needs are unique and dependent on the particular facts and circumstances and are not addressed by any information on this web site.

The content on this web site is not intended to create, and receipt of it does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship.  Accessing, reading, obtaining or sending content or information to or from this web site will not create any relationship with us or cause you to become a client of ours.  Only persons who have entered into a mutual agreement for legal representation, in a formal written contract signed by one of our attorneys, are clients of ours.  WE DO NOT GUARANTEE THAT WE WILL RESPOND TO ANY EMAIL OR OTHER COMMUNICATION SENT TO OR FROM THISThis web site is for informational purposes only.  This web site does not provide legal advice and does not solicit clients or propose any type of transaction.  The determination of whether you need legal services and your choice of lawyer are very important decisions that should not be based on web sites or advertisements.  Further, this web site does not provide any medical advice.

Laws change frequently.  Some of the content on this web site may be out of date and not correct when you read it. There is no representation, warranty or claim that any content available on this web site is complete, current or accurate. Statistics and research may vary according to year, source and study.  We are not responsible or liable for any errors or omissions in the content on this web site.  We do not undertake to update any information, materials or other content on this web site to reflect current or subsequent legal, medical or other developments. 

You acknowledge and agree that any communication or material you transmit to this web site, in any manner and for any reason, will not be treated as confidential or proprietary. You also acknowledge and agree that any ideas, concepts, techniques, procedures, methods, systems, designs, plans, charts, or other materials you transmit to us, via email or otherwise, do not violate the rights of any party, and you hereby grant us a perpetual, irrevocable, worldwide, nonexclusive, royalty-free right and license to use, reproduce, disclose, create derivative works from, publish, distribute, perform, translate, modify, edit and display such communication in any media or medium (or any form or format now known or hereafter developed) anywhere, anytime, and for any reason whatsoever. Do not send confidential information to us until you speak with our office and get authorization to send that information to us.  Sending any information to us, by email or otherwise, will not make you a client.  You will become a client only after signing a written fee agreement that is also signed by one of our attorneys.

Sending email to this web site, or to any attorney or person associated with this web site (and any receipt of email by any such attorney or person), does not establish an attorney-client relationship. The sender of email has no expectation of privacy, privilege, or confidentiality either in the content of any message sent, or of the identity of the sender of any message sent, to this web site or any attorney, person, organization, or other entity listed on this web site. Any email, telephone calls or other communication sent to or from this web site, or to any attorney or person associated with this web site, will not create an attorney-client relationship between the correspondent and this web site, any attorney or any law firm. WE UNDERTAKE NO OBLIGATION TO RESPOND TO ANY COMMUNICATION AND EXPRESSLY DENY LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AND/OR FAILURE TO RESPOND PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF ANY APPLICABLE STATUE OF LIMITATIONS OR SIMILAR LIMITATION OF ACTION PROVISIONS.  An attorney-client relationship will be formed only after a written fee agreement is signed by you and one of our attorneys.

There is no such thing as perfect internet security. Any internet email message and file transmitted over the internet may be intercepted and viewed. This includes filling out contact forms on web sites.  If you are concerned about the confidentiality of any internet email or web site contact form you send to (or via) this web site, you should not use internet email or web site contact forms.

YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THIS WEB SITE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND (EXPRESS OR IMPLIED).  YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THIS WEB SITE AND THE CONTENT ON THIS WEB SITE IS AT YOUR OWN RISK.

YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL THIS WEB SITE, OR THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN CREATING, PRODUCING OR DELIVERING THIS WEB SITE, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DIRECT, INCIDENTAL, EXEMPLARY, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, PERSONAL INJURY/WRONGFUL DEATH, OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES), OR ANY OTHER LOSSES, COSTS, OR EXPENSES OF ANY KIND (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LEGAL AND EXPERT FEES) RELATING TO THE CONTENT OF THIS WEBSITE OR THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS WEB SITE, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, WARRANTY, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY (EVEN IF THIS WEBSITE OR, OR THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN CREATING, PRODUCING OR DELIVERING THIS WEB SITE, ARE ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES).  UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL THIS WEB SITE (OR THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN CREATING, PRODUCING OR DELIVERING THIS WEB SITE) SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY PERSONAL INJURY, INCLUDING DEATH, RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THE CONTENT ON THIS WEB SITE OR THE USE OR MISUSE OF THIS WEB SITE.  UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL THIS WEB SITE, OR THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN CREATING, PRODUCING OR DELIVERING THIS WEB SITE, BE RESPONSIBLE FOR: (1) ANY CONTENT (OR LACK OF CONTENT) ON THIS WEB SITE, (2) ANY PERSON'S RELIANCE ON THE CONTENT OF THIS WEB SITE, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH CONTENT IS CORRECT, COMPLETE OR UP-TO-DATE, (3) THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY ACTION THAT ANY PERSON TAKES OR FAILS TO TAKE BASED ON THIS WEB SITE, (4) THE PERFORMANCE, USE OR MISUSE OF THIS WEB SITE, (5) THE INABILITY TO USE THIS WEB SITE, (6) THE DOWNLOADING OF ANY CONTENT FROM THIS WEB SITE, (7) THE RESULTS OF USE OF THIS WEB SITE, (8) ANY DELAY OR FAILURE TO RESPOND TO ANY COMMUNICATION SENT TO OR FROM THIS WEB SITE OR TO ANY ATTORNEY OR PERSON AFFILIATED WITH THIS WEB SITE, (9) ANY DAMAGES RELATING TO NEGLIGENCE, ERRORS, OMISSIONS, DELAY IN OPERATION OR TRANSMISSION, LINE FAILURE, COMPUTER VIRUSES, BUGS, DEFECTS, HUMAN ACTION OR INACTION, (10) THE ACTION OR INACTION OF ANY COMPUTER SYSTEM, PHONE LINE, HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, OR (11) ANY AND ALL OTHER ERRORS, FAILURES OR DELAYS IN COMPUTER TRANSMISSIONS OR NETWORK CONNECTIONS.  OUR TOTAL LIABILITY TO YOU FOR ALL LOSSES, DAMAGES AND CAUSES OF ACTION INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE BASED IN WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY, RELATING TO THIS WEB SITE OR YOUR USE OF THIS WEB SITE (OR ANY PART OF THIS WEB SITE) SHALL NOT EXCEED THE AMOUNT YOU PAID TO ACCESS THIS WEB SITE.

TO THE FULLEST EXTENT POSSIBLE UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, THIS WEB SITE, AND THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN CREATING, PRODUCING AND DELIVERING THIS WEB SITE, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, RELATING TO THIS WEB SITE INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OR OTHER VIOLATION OF RIGHTS.  WE DO NOT WARRANT OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS (EXPRESS OR IMPLIED) ABOUT THE AVAILABILITY, USE, TIMELINESS, SECURITY, VALIDITY, COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY, OR RELIABILITY OF, OR THE RESULT OF USE OF, OR OTHERWISE RESPECTING, THE CONTENT ON THIS WEB SITE OR ANY OTHER WEB SITES LINKED TO OR FROM THIS WEB SITE.

There are no warranties, representations or promises made in connection with any links provided on this web site.  If you use these links, you will leave this web site. We have not necessarily reviewed any linked or third-party web sites.  We do not control, we make no representations whatsoever (express or implied), and we are not responsible for these linked sites, their content, any links contained in a linked site, or any changes or updates to such web sites. Links to other web sites are not intended to state or imply that we are affiliated or associated in any way with those other web sites.  We reserve the right to terminate any link or linking program at any time. You acknowledge and agree that we are not responsible or liable for the content, products, services, actions and availability of such web sites or other third parties.  It is up to you to take precautions to ensure that whatever you select for your use is free of such items as worms, viruses, Trojan horses and other items of a destructive nature. Links are provided solely as a convenience to you, and the inclusion of these links should not imply an endorsement by us of these other web sites, or of the views, products, or services provided by these web sites. If you decide to access any of the third-party web sites linked to this web site, you do so entirely at your own risk.

You acknowledge and agree that this web site will only be construed and evaluated according to the laws of the United States and the State of Arizona.  These terms are entered into and shall be governed and construed by the laws of the State of Arizona, without regard to principles of conflict of laws.  Any dispute or legal proceeding arising out of any activity relating to this web site or these terms shall be governed by the laws of the State of Arizona, without regard to principles of conflict of laws.  You consent to exclusive jurisdiction and venue in Maricopa County, Arizona, for any dispute relating to this agreement or relating in any way to this web site.

We reserve the right to make changes, modify, amend, delete, update, suspend, withdraw or discontinue, permanently or temporarily, this web site or any portion of this web site, without any notice.  We reserve the right to update or modify these terms at any time without notice to you by updating this posting.  By entering this web site, you acknowledge and agree that you shall be bound by any and all such revisions. We suggest periodically visiting this page of the web site to review these terms and conditions.  We are under no obligation to modify or update this web site or its content.

You will not use this web site for any purpose that is unlawful or prohibited by these terms.  You will not use this web site in any manner that could damage, overburden, disable, or impair this web site or any server or network, or that would interfere with any person’s or party’s use and enjoyment of this web site. You will not attempt to gain unauthorized access to any portion of this web site, or any information, servers, or networks relating to this web site, through hacking, password mining, or any other means. You will not obtain or attempt to obtain any information, materials or other content through any means not intentionally made available by this web site.

You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless this web site and the parties involved in creating, producing and delivering this web site from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities, settlements, costs, expenses, causes of action, and actions, including, without limitation, reasonable legal and expert fees, resulting from your violation of these terms of use and/or from your use of the content on this web site.

We reserve the right to accept or decline any representation for any reason or for no reason.  We may be required to decline representation if it would create a conflict of interest with another client. 

This web site has tried to comply with all legal and ethical requirements.  We do not want to represent any clients based on their review of any portion of this web site that does not fully comply with all legal and ethical requirements. The content on this web site may not apply to certain states or jurisdictions. You should consult with an attorney licensed to practice law in your jurisdiction before making any specific legal decisions.  Under no circumstance shall we become involved in a matter if it would violate the professional responsibility rules, or any other requirements, of any state.  If any of these terms shall be deemed invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, the validity, legality of the remaining provisions shall not be affected or impaired in any way.  No failure or delay by us in exercising any right, power or remedy under these terms shall constitute a waiver.

To the extent that the rules of professional responsibility of any jurisdiction require us to designate a principal office or an attorney responsible for this web site, we designate our office in Scottsdale, Arizona (USA), and its managing partner, A. Studnicki, Esquire.

Statements and Disclaimers Required by State Laws:

Alabama: No representation is made that the quality of any legal services that may be performed is greater than the quality of legal services performed by other lawyers.

Colorado: Colorado does not certify attorneys as specialists in any field.

Florida: The hiring of a lawyer is an important decision that should not be based solely upon advertisements. Before you make any decisions, ask us to send you free written information about our qualifications and experience.

Iowa: The determination of the need for legal services and the choice of a lawyer are extremely important decisions and should not be based solely upon advertisements or self-proclaimed expertise. This disclosure is required by rule of the Supreme Court of Iowa.

NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC: Memberships and offices in legal fraternities and legal societies, technical and professional licenses, and memberships in scientific, technical and professional associations and societies of law or field of practice do not mean that a lawyer is a specialist or expert in a field of law, nor do they mean that such a lawyer is necessarily any more expert or competent than any other lawyer. All potential clients are urged to make their own independent investigation and evaluation of any lawyer being considered. This notice is required by rule of the Supreme Court of Iowa.

Kentucky and Oregon: THIS IS AN ADVERTISEMENT.

Mississippi: The Mississippi Supreme Court advises that any decision regarding legal services is important and should not be based solely on advertisements.

Missouri: Neither the Supreme Court of Missouri nor the Missouri Bar reviews or approves certifying organizations or specialist designations.

Nevada: The State Bar of Nevada does not certify any lawyer as a specialist or expert.

New Mexico: LAWYER ADVERTISEMENT.

Tennessee: Unless otherwise state, none of the attorneys in this firm are certified as a specialist in any practice area by the Tennessee Commission on Continuing Legal Education and Specialization. 

Texas: Unless otherwise stated, the Texas Board of Legal Specialization does not certify our attorneys as a specialist in an area of law. 

Wyoming: The Wyoming State Bar does not certify any lawyer as a specialist or expert. Anyone considering a lawyer should independently investigate the lawyer's credentials and ability, and not rely upon advertisements or self-proclaimed expertise.